Engine-piston



E. JfGULICK,

ENGINE PISTON, APPLICATION FILED JUNE 30, 1919- 1,387,538, Patented Aug.16, 1921. 4

R T, i I A m M n n v w 0 n llll 11 71;

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD J. GULICK, OF ELKHART, INDIANA.

ENGINE-PISTON.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 16, 1921.

- Application filed June 30, 1919. Serial No. 307,527.

bore under extremes of expansion or con-- traction of either piston orcylinder onaccount of heat, or otherwise. Another object of my inventionis the production of a pistonhaving a separatepiece head which isprovided with improved means for fastening it to the piston body. Athird object of my invention is the production of a piston havingimproved means for mounting the packing rings thereon. Other objects ofmy invention are described herein. i

The preferred embodiment of my inven- 1 tion is illustrated in theaccompanying drawing in which Figure 1 is an elevation showing a brokenaway portion in section; Flg. 2 is a view showing the piston body alone;Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the piston head; Fig. 4 is a view of theiston headat right angles to the view in ig. 3; Fig. 5 is'a fra mentaryview on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1; ig. 6 is a fragment in section showing amodification; Fig. 7 is a fragment in section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 6;Fig. 8 is a plan view of one of the packing rings; and

' Fig. 9 is aside view of the packing ring.

Similar numerals of reference indicate like members and parts of membersthroughout the several views on the-drawing.

Referring to the drawing in detail, the numeral 1 indicates a hollowcylindrical piston body 'open'at'top and bottom and split longitudinallyby an incision 2 extending somewhat diagonally from top to bottomthereof, said piston'being normally expansive and adapted to bearlightly against the The piston body 1 bearsthe-oppositely disposed wristpin bosses or trunnion members 3, 3.which bosses are provided with theaxially'disposed pin bearing. apertures'4- 4 adapted to carry a wristpin, as hereinafter described.

Numerals 5, 5 indicate two tongues or lugs aperture and substantiallcarried by each ofthe bosses 3 and projectmg therefrom on opposite sidesof the pin aperture 4 centrally and somewhat radially of the piston body1, said lugs being arranged substantially in the same horizontal plane.The numeral 6 indicates an inwardly extending flange at the top of thepiston body 1 the upper face 7 whereof is finished to form the lowerwall of the groove for the packing rings and also as a seat for thepiston head, as hereinafter described. The

.numeral 8 indicates an annular piston head provided with the annularflange 9 having its lower face substantially parallel with the face 7 ofthe body flange 6. Numeral 10 indicates an annular wall depending fromthe head 8, the lower end whereof is adapted to rest uponthe face 7 ofthe piston body flange 6, the cooperation of the head flange 9, the wall10 and the piston body flange 6 forming. a packing ring groove adaptedto carry .one or more split expansive packing rings 11, a plurality ofsuch rings being shown in contact with each other.

The numerals 12, 12 indicate a pair of pis-- ton headposts dependingfrom said head and provided adjacent their lower ends with the axiallyand radially disposed wrist pin apertures 13, 13 which apertures areadapted 'to register with the pin boss apertures 4, 4.

Numerals 14, 14 indicate two slots or grooves formed in the outer faceof each of the piston head posts 12, radially of the pin in the samehorizontal plane, said slots eing adapted to be engaged by the lugs 5, 5on the bosses 3 for securing the piston body 1 and the piston head8'together. a wrist-pin detachablyarranged transversely of the pistonbody 1 and within the aper-- tures ,4 of the opposed bosses 3, and alsowithin the apertures 13 of the opposed pis: ton head posts 12. Thenumeral 16 indicates a set-screw mounted inthe lower end of the post 12and which may be used to The numeral 15 indicates engage the pin 15 tosecure the latter within its bearings. Any other suitable means may beused, obviously.

To assemble my improved piston the piston head posts 12 are inserted tothe interior of the piston body 1 through the open top end thereof andbetween the bosses 3 until the lower face of the piston head wall 10engages the face 7 of the piston body flange grooves 14 of the pinbosses 3 and the pis- 6' in which position the lugs 5 and the Q ast/seeton head posts 12, respectively, lie in the same horizontal plane and inwhich position rotation of either the head or the member 1 will effectengagement of the tongues 5 with the grooves 14, whereby longitudinalmovement and displacement of the head 8 is prevented. Thereafter, thearrangement of the pin 15 within the. apertures 4 and 13, as described,maintains the tongue and groove connection between the piston head 8 andbody member 1 heretofore described.

My improved piston enables the use of a non eccentric type of packingring as indicated in Figs. 8 and 9 of the drawing, which type of ring isvastly superior in strength and efiieiency to the eccentric type now incommon use, and which may with facility be arranged in its groove on thepiston prior to piston assembly, thereby eliminating the necessity ofmanual expansion of the ring to place it in its piston groove, whichring expansion is always more or less injurious to the ring because oi aslight permanent distortion thereof.

In applying my improved piston to an engine cylinder a slight gap at thejoint of the split or incision 2 is made to enable slight contraction ofthe piston body 1 at said joint when unduly heated or because of unduetrictionof the piston within the cylinder bore, whereby seizure of thepiston against and within the cylinder walls or bore is prevented.

In the modification shown in Fig. 6 the structure similar to thatheretofore described except that the tongue and groove connectionbetween the bosses 3 and the piston head posts 12 is eliminated, therebysimplifying the construction, for the lugs 5 of the boss 3 and thegrooves or slots 14 of the posts 12 are wholly absent.

I claim 1. A piston comprising a tubular body section provided withoppositely disposed wrist pin apertures; a separate piece piston headprovided with a pair of oppositely disposed transversely apertureddepending members, the apertures whereof are disposed axially of saidwrist pin apertures; a complementarytongue and groove connection betweensaid depending members and the piston body; and a wrist pin arrangedwithin said wrist pin apertures and the apertures of said pistondepending members.

2. A piston comprising a tubular body section provided with oppositelydisposed wrist pin apertures; a separate piece piston head provided witha transversely apertured depending member, the aperture whereof isdisposed axially of said wrist pin apertures; a complementary tongue andgroove connection between said depending member and the piston body; anda wrist pin arranged Within said wrist pin apertures and the aperture ofsaid piston head depending member.

3. A piston comprising a tubular body section provided with oppositelydisposed projections; a separate piece piston head provided with a pairof spaced depending members, the latter projecting to the interior ofsaid piston body; a complementary tongue and groove connection betweeneach of said piston head depending members and one of said piston bodyprojections; and means for maintaining said complementary tongue andgroove connection between said head and piston body members.

i. A piston comprising a tubular one piece longitudinallysplitcontractible skirt portion provided with wrist pin apertures therein; aseparate piece piston head provided with a pair of oppositely disposedtransversely apertured depending members, the apertures whereof aredisposed axially of said skirt apertures; a complementary tongue andgroove connection between said depending members and said piston skirt;and a wrist pin arranged within said skirt apertures and the aperturesin said head depending members.

5. A piston having a yieldingly expanding skirt portion provided with aninwardly projecting flange at one end thereof; and a piston headdetachably secured within said skirt, said head being provided with anannular flange, and provided also with a depending cylindrical portionadapted to coiiperate with said skirt flange to form a packing ringgroove between said skirt and head flanges.

6. A piston having a yieldingly expanding longitudinally split skirtportion provided with an inwardly projecting flange at one end thereof;and a piston head detachably secured within said skirt, said head beingprovided with an annular flange, and provided also with a dependingcylindrical por tion adapted to cotiperate with said skirt flange toform a packing ring groove between said skirt and head flanges.

7. In a piston, a tubular body section provided with oppositely disposedwrist pin apertures a separate piece piston head provided with atransversely apertured depending member, the aperture whereof isdisposed axially of said wrist pin apertures; a wrist pin arrangedwithin said wrist pin ;apertures and the aperture of said piston headdepending member; and a complementary tongue and groove connectionbetween said head depending member and the piston body.

In testimony whereof I have. hereunto aiiixed my signature'this 25th dayof June, 1919.

EDWARD J. GULICK.

